Information Technology Question & Answers Set 1

 Information Technology Course Set 1

1. UNIVAC is

A) Universal Automatic Computer
B) Universal Array Computer
C) Unique Automatic Computer
D) Unvalued Automatic Computer

2. The basic operations performed by a computer are

A) Arithmetic operation
B) Logical operation
C) Storage and retrieval
D) All the above

3. The two major types of computer chips are

A) External memory chip
B) Primary memory chip
C) Microprocessor chip
D) Both b and c

4. Microprocessors as switching devices are for which generation computers

A) First Generation
B) Second Generation
C) Third Generation
D) Fourth Generation

5. What is the main difference between a mainframe and a super computer?

A) Super computer is much larger than mainframe computers
B) Super computers are much smaller than mainframe computers
C) Supercomputers are focused to execute few programs as fast as possible while mainframe uses its power to execute as many programs concurrently
D) Supercomputers are focused to execute as many programs as possible while mainframe uses its power to execute few programs as fast as possible.

6. ASCII and EBCDIC are the popular character coding systems. What does EBCDIC stand for?

A) Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
B) Extended Bit Code Decimal Interchange Code
C) Extended Bit Case Decimal Interchange Code
D) Extended Binary Case Decimal Interchange Code

7. The brain of any computer system is

A) ALU
B) Memory
C) CPU
D) Control unit

8. Storage capacity of magnetic disk depends on

A) Tracks per inch of surface
B) Bits per inch of tracks
C) Disk pack in disk surface
D) All of above

9. The two kinds of main memory are:

A) Primary and secondary
B) Random and sequential
C) ROM and RAM
D) All of above

10. A storage area used to store data to a compensate for the difference in speed at which the different units can handle data is

A) Memory
B) Buffer
C) Accumulator
D) Address

1-A

2-D

3-D

4-D

5-C

6-A

7-C

8-D

9-C

10-B

Explanation:

 UNIVAC

After the successful development of ENIAC and EDVAC, John Mauchly & J.P. Eckert founded their own company in 1946 and began to work on the Universal Automatic computer. UNIVAC was the first general purpose commercial computer. 

Operations of Computers

Computers are magnificient devices not only to perform processing (calculation) but they are able to manage huge storage and easy retrieval. 

Types of Computer Chips

After the invention of semiconductor silicon chips, it revolutionized the world of electronic. In computers, chips are basically used for primary memory. Similarly microprocessors also use the same IC chips. Read more about computer chips and how they are manufactured at Third Generation of Computers.

Microprocessors

IC Chips were developed and used in third generation of computers. However, these chips were used to build microprocessors only in fourth generation. Due to the invention of microprocessors, micro-computers were possible.

Probably the most important development in this generation is microprocessor. The Intel 4004 chip, developed in 1971, took the integrated circuit one step further by locating all the components of a computer (central processing unit, memory, and input and output controls) on a minute chip.  Whereas previously the integrated circuit had had to be manufactured to fit a special purpose, now one microprocessor could be manufactured and then programmed to meet any number of demands.  Soon everyday household items such as microwave ovens, television sets, and automobiles with electronic fuel injection incorporated microprocessors 

Mainframe Computers and Super Computers

Super Computers are not the largest computers but they are often classified on the basis of size. Super computers are considered better for the speed and power. This speed is achieved from the fact that they are designed to run small number of programs but with utmost speed whereas, mainframe computers are designed to run as many programs as possible to support multiple users.

EBCDIC

Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC) is an 8-bit character encoding used mainly on IBM mainframe and IBM mid range computer operating systems. EBCDIC descended from the code used with punched cards and the corresponding six bit binary-coded decimal code used with most of IBM's computer peripherals of the late 1950s and early 1960s. It is also employed on various non-IBM platforms such as Fujitsu-Siemens' BS2000/OSD, HP MPE/iX, and Unisys MCP. 

Brain of Computer

Because CPU performs thinking, remembering and controlling the whole system, it is often called the brain of Computer System.

Storage Capacity of Disks

It is fairly obvious that more data can be stored in a disk if there are more tracks per inch of disk surface, more bits can be accommodated in every inch of track and many disk packs are used. 

Two kind of main memory

Main memory or primary memory are of two types - ROM and RAM. ROM is used to store permanent type of programs such as POST (Power On Self Test), BIOS (Basic Input Output Systems). RAM is used to load user programs and is erased automatically when power supply is cut off.

Buffer

Buffer is a storage area used to store data to a compensate for the difference in speed at which the different units can handle data. It will collect until the prespecified amount of data to allow processing it as a unit.